US sanctions Rwanda’s Defence Ministry and Zigama CSS

The United States has imposed sanctions on Rwanda’s Ministry of Defence and Zigama Credit and Savings Society.

The US Department of the Treasury announced the measures on Wednesday, accusing Rwanda’s security apparatus of providing military assistance, logistical support and training to M23.

Rwanda has repeatedly denied supporting M23, rejecting accusations that it is fuelling the conflict in eastern DR Congo.

Also criticised previous US sanctions, describing them as one-sided and arguing that they fail to reflect the wider security situation in the region.

Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said the action was intended to enforce commitments made under the Washington Accords for Peace and Prosperity, signed by Rwandan President Paul Kagame and Congolese President Félix Tshisekedi on December 4, 2025, under US mediation.

Zigama Credit and Savings Society was separately sanctioned over allegations that it facilitated payments for military equipment and transactions linked to M23 and its political-military alliance, the Congo River Alliance (AFC).

The measures generally block property and financial interests belonging to the designated entities that fall within US jurisdiction or the possession or control of US persons.

Transactions involving the sanctioned entities are also restricted under US sanctions regulations, subject to applicable exemptions and authorisations.

The Washington Accords were intended to establish a framework for ending hostilities while promoting regional economic integration, trade and investment across the Great Lakes region.

However, fighting has continued despite diplomatic initiatives led by Washington and other international and regional actors.

The US announcement also comes after the Front for the Refoundation of the Nation (FRN) was announced on October 12 as the successor to the Congo River Alliance, according to the Treasury Department.

Reuters reported that Rwandan and Congolese government representatives had not immediately responded to requests for comment when the sanctions were announced.