Ibiciro by’ibikomoka kuri peteroli byagabanutse ku isoko mpuzamahanga

Isoko mpuzahamanga ry’ubucuruzi bw’ibikomoka kuri peteroli ryongeye guhumeka nyuma y’uko Iran na Amerika basinye imbanziriza masezerano yo guhagarika intambara yatangiye tariki 28 Gashyantare (2) 2026.

Iyi ntambara ifatwa n’abatari bacye nk’iyahungabanyije ubukungu bw’Isi, yatumye Akagunguru ka Peteroli itayunguruye kagera ku madorlai 120 ya Amerika.

Aya masezerano yasinywe ku wa 18 Kamena (6) 2026 hagati ya Perezida Donald Trump wa Amerika na Perezida Masoud Pezeshkian wa Iran, yarakurikiwe n’inkuru nziza ku masoko mpuzamahanga.

Nyuma yo kuyashyiraho umukono, ibiciro bya peteroli byahise bigabanuka, bigera ku madorali ya Amerika ari hagati ya ($78–$85) ku kangunguru ka peteroli itayunguruye.

Abasesenguzi bavuga ko iri gabanuka ryatewe n’icyizere cy’uko ubwikorezi bwayo bugiye kongera gukora neza nyuma y’igihe kinini bwarakomwe mu nkokora n’iyi ntambara.

Mu mezi ashize, intambara hagati ya Amerika na Iran yagize ingaruka zikomeye ku nzira y’amazi izwi nka ‘Strait of Hormuz’.

Hormuz ni imwe mu nzira z’ingenzi zinyuramo igice kinini cya peteroli icuruzwa ku isi, aho bivugwa ko hanyura hagati ya 20-30% by’ikoreshwa ku isi hose.

Ifungwa cyangwa ihungabanywa ry’iyi nzira, ryatumye ibiciro bya peteroli bizamuka cyane, bituma n’iby’iyikomokaho birushaho guhenda mu isi.

Aya masezerano mashya, ateganya ko Iran ifungura iyi nzira ku mato yose y’ubucuruzi, mu gihe Amerika yemeye gukuraho zimwe mu mbogamizi n’ibihano byari byarashyizwe ku bucuruzi bwa peteroli ya Iran.

Byitezwe ko ibi bizongera ubwinshi bwa peteroli ku isoko mpuzamahanga, bikarushaho kugabanya ibiciro mu minsi n’amezi biri imbere.

Raporo zitandukanye, zigaragaza ko amamiriyoni y’utugunguru twa peteroli yari yarafatiwe cyangwa yarabuze uburyo bwo kugera ku masoko mpuzamahanga ashobora kongera kuboneka vuba, bikaba byongera ubwinshi bw’ibicuruzwa ku isoko.

Abahanga mu bukungu, bavuga ko iyo ubwinshi bw’ibicuruzwa bwiyongereye kurusha uko byari bimeze mbere, akenshi ibiciro bihita bigabanuka.

Muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, ibiciro bya Lisansi byamaze gutangira kumanuka, aho impuzandengo y’igiciro cya Gallon imwe yamanutse ikagera munsi y’amadolari ane, ibyabaye bwa mbere mu mezi arenga atanu yari ashize.

Ibi byafashwe nk’ikimenyetso cy’uko aya masezerano yatangiye kugira ingaruka nziza ku bukungu no ku baturage.

N’ubwo bimeze bityo, hari ibibazo bikomeye bikiri ku meza y’ibiganiro.

Muri byo, harimo gahunda ya Iran ijyanye n’ingufu za nikleyeri ndetse n’uburyo impande zombi zizubahiriza ibyo zemeye.

Amasezerano yasinywe ni intangiriro y’ibiganiro biteganyijwe kumara nibura iminsi 60 hagamijwe kugera ku masezerano ya nyuma arambye.

Abasesenguzi mpuzamahanga bavuga ko ibiganiro nibigenda neza ndetse n’inzira ya Hormuz igakomeza gukora nta nkomyi, isi ishobora gukomeza kubona igabanuka ry’ibiciro bya peteroli n’ibikomokaho.

Ibi byafasha kugabanya umuvuduko w’izamuka ry’ibiciro ku masoko menshi ndetse bikorohereza ibihugu byinshi bikoresha peteroli nyinshi mu bikorwa byabyo bya buri munsi.

Mu gihe abaturage n’abacuruzi hirya no hino ku isi bakomeje gukurikirana iby’aya masezerano, amaso yose ahanzwe ku biganiro bizakurikiraho, kuko ari byo bizagena niba iri gabanuka ry’ibiciro rizakomeza cyangwa rizongera gukomwa mu nkokora.

Ifoto

Byitezwe ko ubwikorezi mu nzira ya Hormuz bwongera gukorwa nta nkomyi nyuma y’uko Washington na Tehran bashyize umukono ku masezerano. (Ifoto/Ububiko)