Guverinoma y’u Rwanda igaragaza ko mu myaka itanu ishize hamaze gukoreshwa miliyari 104 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda muri gahunda zo kwita ku buzima bw’abantu by’umwihariko ubw’abagore batwite n’abana ndetse no kubaka ibikorwaremezo kimwe no gushaka ibikoresho bya ngombwa bifasha muri uru rwego.
Ni imbaraga zatanze umusaruro ufatika kuko raporo ya Minisiteri y’Ubuzima igaragaza ko kuva icyo gihe umubare w’abagore bapfa babyara bari 210 mu bagore ibihumbi 100, ariko hakaba hari icyizere cy’uko mu 2024, bazaba bageze ku 126.
Ku wa 19 Mutarama 2023, Inteko Rusange y’Umutwe w’Abadepite, yagejejweho raporo ya Komisiyo y’Imibereho y’Abaturage ku isesengura rya raporo y’igenzura ryimbitse ryakozwe n’Umugenzuzi Mukuru w’Imari ya Leta kuri serivisi zo kwita ku bagore batwite n’abana bakivuka mu mavuriro ya Leta.
Komisiyo y’Imibereho y’Abaturage yasesenguye raporo y’igenzura ryimbitse ryakozwe n’Umugenzuzi Mukuru w’Imari ya Leta kuri serivisi zo kwita ku bagore batwite n’abana bakivuka (EmONC) mu mavuriro ya Leta.
Igenzura ryibanze ku gihe cyo kuva muri Nyakanga 2017 kugeza Kamena 2021, rikorerwa mu bitaro birindwi n’ibigo nderabuzima 12 bibishamikiyeho. Ibyo bitaro biri mu Turere twa Nyarugenge, Bugesera, Huye, Musanze, Rubavu, Gicumbi na Nyagatare.
Ryashingiye ku ntego ya Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yo guteza imbere ubuzima bw’abagore batwite ndetse n’abana bakivuka no gushyira imbaraga mu nzego zose z’ibigo by’ubuvuzi zatuma ubuzima muri rusange bwitabwaho kandi ku buryo burambye.
Gahunda ya Guverinoma yo kwihutisha iterambere (NST1) iteganya ko impfu z’abagore n’abana bakivuka zizagabanuka aho abagore 210/100,000 bapfaga babyara mu 2013/2014 bakagera ku 126/100,000 mu 2024.
Ni mu gihe abana 50/1,000 bapfaga bakivuka mu m 2013/2014 bazagera ku 35/1,000 mu 2024.
Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yibanze ku gushaka ibikoresho bikora neza byo kwita ku bagore batwite n’abana bakivuka kugira ngo ibibazo bishobora kubaho mu gihe cyo kubyara bikurikiranwe.
Bityo kuva mu 2015 kugeza mu 2020, ingengo y’imari ingana na miliyari 104,5 Frw ikaba yarakoreshejwe mu buzima bw’abantu muri rusange, no mu buzima bw’ababyeyi n’abana by’umwihariko, mu kubaka ibikorwaremezo no gushaka ibikoresho bya ngombwa.
Ikindi cyakozwe ni ukongera umubare w’abagore babyara babazwe kuko wiyongereye mu bitaro byasuwe (37%) ukarenga uwateganyijwe n’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima, OMS [5-15%].
Ku bijyanye n’ikigereranyo cy’ababyarira mu bigo by’ubuvuzi, ubugenzuzi bwagaragaje ko 15% by’ababyeyi bakibyarira mu ngo ariko Minisante iganira na Komisiyo yagaragaje ko hashingiwe ku mibare yo muri HMIS y’umwaka wa 2021/2022, ababyeyi babyariye mu ngo bageze kuri 1,3% by’ababyeyi bose babyaye.
Naho ubushakashatsi ku mibereho n’ubuzima (DHS 2020) bukaba bwarerekanye ko 93% y’ababyeyi babyarira ku mavuriro.
Bivuze ko ababyarira mu ngo batarenze 7%. Nubwo Minisante yagaragaje ko hakorwa ubukangurambaga mu gufasha ababyeyi kubyarira kwa muganga n’ubyariye mu rugo agasabwa kujya ku ivuriro rimwegereye kugira ngo umwana n’umubyeyi bitabweho.
Haracyari umubare munini w’ababyarira mu ngo nk’uko byagaragajwe n’Umugenzuzi Mukuru w’Imari ya Leta, ugereranije n’uko serivisi z’ubuvuzi zegerejwe abaturage.
Ibikorwaremezo byarubatswe
Ku bijyanye no gukwirakwiza ibikorwaremezo byo kwita ku bagore batwite n’abana bakivuka, imirongo ngenderwaho na OMS, isaba ko nibura ku baturage ibihumbi 500 habaho amavuriro ane afite ubushobozi n’ibikoresho by’ibanze byo kwita ku buzima bw’umubyeyi n’umwana ukivuka (4 B-EmOC) n’ivuriro rimwe rifite ibikoresho byuzuye byo kwita ku buzima bw’umubyeyi n’umwana ukivuka (1 C-EmOC).
Kandi ibyo bikorwaremezo bikwiye kuba bigabanyije ku buryo bujyanye n’umubare w’abaturage batuye muri buri gace.
Hashingiwe kuri iyo mirongo ngenderwaho ya OMS no ku igereranya ry’Abanyarwanda 13,252,272 mu 2022, u Rwanda rukwiye kuba rufite nibura amavuriro 133, harimo 106 afite ibikoresho by’ibanze na 27 afite ibikoresho byuzuye.
Igenzura ryimbitse ryakozwe n’Umugenzuzi Mukuru w’Imari ya Leta, ryagaragaje ko umubare w’amavuriro yita ku babyeyi n’abana bakivuka yujuje ibisabwa wagezweho, kuko hari 48 mu gihugu hose.
Ni mu gihe yakabaye 27, kandi asaranganyije muri buri Karere hashingiwe ku baturage bahatuye. Amavuriro afite ubushobozi n’ibikoresho by’ibanze byo kwita ku buzima bw’umubyeyi n’umwana ukivuka ni 509, mu gihe yakabaye 106, kandi asaranganyije mu mirenge hafi ya yose.
Komisiyo yashimye intambwe yagezweho n’u Rwanda mu gukwirakwiza ibikorwaremezo byo kwita ku babyeyi n’abana bakivuka ugereranyije n’imirongo ngenderwaho yatanzwe n’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku buzima. Igasanga byakomeza kwiyongera uko umubare w’abaturage na wo ugenda wiyongera kandi birimo gukorwa.
Mu rwego rwo gufasha abagore batwite batuye kure y’ibitaro n’ibigo nderabuzima, hashyizweho gahunda yo kubaka amavuriro y’ibanze afite ubushobozi bwo gutanga serivisi zitandukanye ku baturage harimo na serivisi zo kwita ku bagore batwite n’abana bakivuka.
Komisiyo yasanze intego Minisiteri y’Ubuzima ifite yo kongera umubare w’amavuriro y’ibanze ari ku rwego rwa kabiri akava kuri 57 akagera kuri 90 mu mwaka wa 2024 yakwihutishwa.
Ministeri yagaragarije Inteko Ishinga Amategeko Umutwe w’Abadepite, gahunda yo kwihutisha kongera umubare w’ayo mavuriro y’ibanze kuko azafasha gukemura ibibazo abagore bari kure y’ibigo nderabuzima n’ibitaro bahuraga na byo birimo imfu ziterwa no gutinda kubona serivisi.
Ku kijyanye no kumenya ingamba ziteganyijwe mu rwego rwo kugabanya umubare w’ababyeyi bapfa kubera gutinda guhabwa serivisi za ngombwa, Minisiteri y’Ubuzima yagaragaje ingamba ziteganyijwe.
Zirimo gushyiraho uburyo bw’ikoranabuhanga bwo gukurikirana abagore batwite mu gihe cyo kwisuzumisha, abagaragara ko bashobora kugira ikibazo mu gihe cyo kubyara cyangwa barangije kubyara, bakazajya bashyirwa mu ikoranabuhanga rifasha kubona abafite ibibazo kuva ku bigo nderabuzima, ku bitaro no ku rwego rwa Minisiteri, aho binyuze mu cyumba cyabugenewe bazajya bamenya ayo makuru, yiyongera ku buryo busanzwe bwo gukurikirana amavuriro.
Ku bijyanye no kubaga umugore ugiye kubyara bitajyanye n’ubushobozi bw’ivuriro, byagaragaye ko imibare y’ababyara babazwe yiyongereye cyane (37%) mu bitaro by’Uturere byagenzuwe ugereranyije n’igipimo gitangwa na OMS (5-15%), bikaba byaratumye ijanisha ry’ababyara babazwe ku rwego rw’Igihugu ryiyongera.
Komisiyo isanga nubwo hagaragajwe ko no ku rwego rw’Isi icyo gipimo cyazamutse kikagera kuri 21%, hakwiye gushyirwaho uburyo bwo gukurikirana ibigo by’ubuvuzi bya Leta ndetse n’ibyigenga cyane cyane mu bitaro 12.
Minisiteri y’Ubuzima yasobanuye ko basanzemo ikigero cy’impfu z’ababyeyi kiri hejuru kugira ngo barebe neza ko umubare w’abagore babyara babazwe ujyanye nuko koko ari byo bigomba gukorwa kandi ko babaga neza, mu rwego rwo kwirinda ko iyi mibare ikomeza kuzamuka kuko bishobora guteza ingaruka mu gihe kizaza, mu gihe twaba tudafite abaganga b’inzobere bo kwita ku babyaye babazwe ndetse bitajyanye n’ubushobozi bw’amavuriro.
Kugeza ubu abagore batwite bitabira gupimisha inda nibura inshuro 1 ni 49,5%, mu gihe abitabira inshuro 4 zateganijwe ari 42,7%. Ubwitabire buracyari hasi nyamara ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku buzima ryasabye ibihugu ko abagore batwite bapimisha inda inshuro umunani.
Nubwo hari ibyagiye bikorwa n’imirongo ngenderwaho igashyirwaho, igipimo cy’ijanisha ry’impfu z’abana bakivuka ntabwo cyahindutse hagati ya 2015 na 2020 kuko cyagumye kuri 19%, kandi kuri 50% y’abagore bapfa nyuma yo kubyara, 80% by’impfu zabo ziterwa n’ibibazo bishobora kwirindwa.
Ibyo byatumye Umugenzuzi Mukuru w’Imari ya Leta akora igenzura ryimbitse kuri serivisi zo kwita ku bagore batwite n’abana bakivuka cyangwa bavukanye ibibazo hagamijwe kumenya ibyagezweho na Minisiteri y’Ubuzima ibinyujije mu bigo by’ubuvuzi, mu gutanga serivisi zihagije zo kwita ku bagore batwite n’abana bakivuka, mu rwego rwo kugabanya impfu zabo.
