Raporo y’Umugenzuzi Mukuru w’Imari ya Leta, yarangiye muri Mata 2022, igaragaza ko malariya ari indwara ifite ingaruka ku buzima zirimo n’urupfu, bityo Leta ikaba yarashyizeho uburyo n’ingamba zo kuyirwanya.
Byagaragaye ko kuva mu 2013 kugeza mu 2016, habayeho ubwiyongere bw’indwara ya malaria kuko abayirwaye bavuye ku bantu 112 bagera kuri 308 ku bantu 1000 ku mwaka.
Ibi byatumye mu 2017 Guverinoma yongera kuvugurura ingamba na gahunda byo kurwanya malaria mu rwego rwo guhangana n’ikibazo cy’izamuka rikabije ryayo.
Hashyizweho ingamba zirimo gukurikiranira mu rugo abarwaye malaria, gukomeza gutanga inzitiramibu no gutera mu nzu imiti yica imibu mu Turere dukunze kugaragaramo malaria.
Ibindi byakozwe ni ukongera ubukangurambaga bugamije guhindura imyifatire ku baturage, gupima no kuvura ku buntu abantu bari mu cyiciro cya mbere n’icya kabiri by’ubudehe mu rwego rwo kuzamura umubare w’abahabwa ubuvuzi.
Guhera muri Nyakanga 2017 kugeza muri Kamena 2021, porogaramu ya malaria yakoresheje angana na $261.127.334 mu gushyigikira ishyirwa mu bikorwa n’igenzura ry’ingamba zo kurwanya iyo ndwara.
Umusaruro urigaragaza
Kuri uyu wa Kane tariki 19 Mutarama 2023, nibwo Komisiyo y’Imibereho y’Abaturage mu Nteko Ishinga Amategeko, yamurikiye Inteko Rusange ibyavuye mu isesengura yakoze kuri raporo y’igenzura ryimbitse ryakozwe n’Umugenzuzi Mukuru w’Imari ya Leta kuri porogaramu ya Malaria.
Aba badepite kandi baganiriye na Minisiteri y’Ubuzima (MINISANTE) iri kumwe n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ubuzima (RBC) ku bibazo byagaragaye muri iyo raporo y’igenzura ryimbitse.
Igenzura ryakorewe mu bitaro icyenda, ibigo nderabuzima 42 n’abajyanama b’ubuzima bo mu Midugudu 21 yo mu Ntara zose n’Umujyi wa Kigali.
Ryari rigamije gusesengura niba Minisiteri y’Ubuzima n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ubuzima barashyize mu bikorwa uko bikwiye ingamba zo kugenzura indwara ya malaria no kugabanya impfu ziterwa na yo kugeza kuri 30% kuva muri Nyakanga 2017 kugeza muri Kamena 2020.
Ku bijyanye n’ukugabanuka k’uburwayi bwa malaria, igenzura ryagaragaje ko kuva mu mwaka wa 2017 kugeza mu 2021, imibare y’abarwaye malaria yagabanutse ikava kuri 428 ikagera kuri 113 ku bantu 1000.
Minisiteri y’Ubuzima yari yihawe intego y’abantu 199 ku bantu 1000. Muri rusange uburwayi bwagabanutseho inshuro eshatu kuva mu 2017 kugeza mu 2014.
Komisiyo yashimye kandi ko nk’uko igenzura ryabigaragaje, amakuru yo mu mezi atandatu akunze kugaragaramo indwara ya malaria (Nzeri, Ukwakira, Ugushyingo 2019 na 2021), mu bigo by’ubuvuzi 22 byagenzuwe, 16 byagaragaje igabanuka ry’abarwayi ba malaria rigera kuri 85%.
Igenzura ryagaragaje ko kuva muri Nyakanga 2017 kugeza muri Kamena 2021 impfu ziterwa na malaria zagabanutse ku kigero cya 87%.
Byagaragaye na none ko mu myaka ibiri, guhera muri Nyakanga 2017 kugeza muri Kamena 2019, impfu z’abana bari munsi y’imyaka itanu zagabanutseho kimwe cya kabiri, kuva ku 122 kugeza kuri 60.
Ni ukuvuga ko Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yageze ku ntego yo kugabanya nibura 30% by’imfu ziterwa na malaria, bityo ingamba zafashwe zikaba zakomeza kwitabwaho kugira ngo iyo mibare ikomeze kugabanyuka.
Abakoresha inzitiramibu baragabanutse
Ku rundi ruhande ariko hagaragaye ikibazo cy’ikoreshwa ry’inzitiramibu ryagabanutse rikava kuri 64% ryariho mu 2017 rikagera kuri 48% mu 2020.
Mu bice by’icyaro niho imibare yagabanutse cyane aho yageze kuri 44.2%, byagaragaye ko ibipimo by’ikoreshwa ry’inzitiramibu byagabanutse ku rugero ruri hagati ya 12% na 16% kuva mu 2017 kugeza mu 2020.
Minisitiri w’Ubuzima yasobanuye ko inzitiramibu zitangwa mu gihe kingana no kuva ku myaka ibiri kugera kuri itatu, bityo hakaba haragereranyijwe imibare y’ikoreshwa ryazo mu gihe zari zikimara gutangwa muri 2017 na 2020 zitangiye gusaza.
Abadepite basanze harabayeho kudohoka ku bukangurambaga bwakorwaga mbere bwo gusaba abaturage gufata ingamba zikomatanyije zo kurwanya malaria.
Ni ingamba zirimo gukoresha neza inzitiramibu, kwirinda kuzikoresha ibyo zitagenewe, gutema ibihuru bikikije ingo, gusiba ibidendezi by’amazi n’izindi mu rwego rwo kwirinda kurumwa n’imibu itera malariya.
Ku kibazo cy’inzitiramibu za mpande enye byavuzwe ko zidakunzwe n’abaturage kandi iz’umutemeri bakunda zihenda, Komisiyo isanga ubwo zatangiye gukorerwa mu Rwanda byajya byitabwaho ariko n’abaturage bakigishwa uburyo bworoshye bwo kuzikoresha.
Uturere twa Gisagara, Nyagatare na Bugesera byagaragaye ko aritwo dufite malaria iri ku gipimo cyo hejuru. Ni mu gihe ariko muri ibyo bice hagiye haterwa imiti yica imibu.
Minisitiri w’ubuzima yasobanuye ko iterwa ry’imiti mu nzu (IRS) ryatanze umusaruro muri rusange, kuko malaria yagabanutse ikava ku barwayi 4,8 muri 2017 ikagera munsi ya miliyoni imwe mu mwaka wa 2021/2022.
Igenzura ryagaragaje ko hagati ya 2019/2020 na 2020/2021, malaria yiyongereye mu Turere twa Gisagara (371%), Nyagatare (164%) na Bugesera (116%).
