Minisitiri w’Intebe Dr Ngirente Edouard yagaragaje ko igihe kigeze ngo abashora imari baba abantu ku giti cyabo cyangwa ibigo bayoboke urwego rw’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi kuko n’ubwo uretse kuba rufatiye runini igihugu ariko ari n’urwego rwunguka ku muntu wahinze neza uko bikwiye.
Ni ibyo yatangaje kuri uyu wa 3 Mata 2023, ubwo yagezaga ku Nteko Ishinga Amategeko, Imitwe yombi, ibikorwa bya Guverinoma ku kongera umusaruro w’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi, hakurwaho imbogamizi muri uru rwego.
Urwego rw’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi, rwakunze gutinywa n’abashoramari baba abantu ku giti cyabo cyangwa ibigo by’ishoramari ndetse n’amabanki muri rusange.
Impamvu zatumaga abantu badashora muri uru rwego, ni uko babonaga rufite ibyago byinshi byo guhomba, ku mpamvu zishingiye ku mateka y’ubuhinzi bwo mu Rwanda.
Ku rundi ruhande ariko, ni urwego rutunze Abanyarwanda hafi ya bose, ndetse runasagurira amasoko yaba ayo mu karere ndetse no hanze ya Afurika muri rusange.
Si mu Rwanda gusa kuko imibare ya Banki y’Isi yo mu 2021, igaragaza ko mu myaka itanu ishize, ubuhinzi n’ubworozi bwihariye 4,2% by’umusaruro wose w’Isi.
Muri Afurika buri kuri 17% by’umusaruro mbumbe, naho mu Karere ka EAC u Rwanda ruherereyemo, uru rwego rwihariye 25% kugera kuri 40% by’umusaruro mbumbe.
Ni imibare igaragaza ko nibura 70% by’inganda ziri muri aka karere ka Afurika y’Iburasirazuba, ni izitunganya umusaruro ukomoka ku buhinzi n’ubworozi. Ni ukuvuga ngo ubuhinzi bwagenze nabi, izo nganda nazo zagira ikibazo gikomeye.
Minisitiri w’Intebe Dr Ngirente ati “Iyo tuvuga gutegura urwego rw’inganda, tugomba gutegura n’urw’ubuhinzi. Inganda dufite nazo zitunganya ibivuye ku buhinzi.”
Ibikomoka ku buhinzi n’ubworozi byihariye 65% by’ingano y’ibyo ibihugu byo mu karere bicuruzanya hagati yabyo.
Ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda, imibare igaragaza ko kuva mu 2017-2022, rufite 25% by’umusaruro mbumbe. Ni mu gihe uru rwego rwihariye uruhare rungana na 35% mu kugabanya ubukene mu gihugu.
Minisitiri w’Intebe Dr Ngirente ati ‘‘Bigaragara ko urwego rw’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi rufatiye runini igihugu. Niyo mpamvu Guverinoma y’u Rwanda ishyiraho ingamba zirimo kugabanya imbogamizi zituma abantu batinya uru rwego.”
Kubera ko abakora ubuhinzi mu Rwanda bagenda basaza, hakenewe ingamba zo gushishikariza urubyiruko kujya muri uru rwego ariko rukajyamo rusangamo inyungu n’imibereho muri rusange.
Minisitiri w’Intebe yagaragaje ko imbogamizi zakunze kugaragara muri uru rwego zirimo kuba inyongeramusaruro zidahagije mu bwinshi no mu bwiza. Ikindi ni ukuba amafaranga ashorwa mu buhinzi yari make kuko ari leta yashoragamo gusa.
Indi mbogamizi ni ishingiye ku musaruro wangirika mu gihe cy’isarura. Aho muri Afurika hatakara 40% by’umusaruro wose.
Yagaragaje ko ikindi kibazo cyari icyo kuba harabonekaga umusaruro ariko amasoko akaba ari make cyangwa n’ahari abahinzi bakaba batazi kuyageraho cyangwa batazi umusaruro ukeneweho.
Ikindi cyakunze kugaragara nk’igitera ubwoba abashoramari, ni ibyonnyi by’imbuto n’izindi ndwara zitandukanye zibasiraga ubuhinzi n’ubworozi ariko kuri ubu leta yagiye ishyiraho ingamba zo gushaka umuti.
Minisitiri w’Intebe ati “Ibyo rero ni imbaraga leta igenda ishyiramo kugira ngo imbogamizi ziri mu buhinzi tuzimareho tuzigabanye ku buryo umuntu ushaka gushyira imari mu buhinzi yumve ko yashoye ahantu afashijwe na leta, atuje ashobora kunguka, ubuhinzi bukaba umwuga wamutunga akabaho neza.”
Minisitiri w’Intebe Dr Ngirente Edouard yagaragaje ko ubuhinzi bwakozwe neza bubyara umusaruro
Ishusho y’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi mu myaka itanu ishize
Kuva mu 2017, ubwo hatangizwaga gahunda yo kwihutisha iterambere ry’igihugu [NST1], umusaruro w’ubuhinzi wagiye urushaho kwinjiriza igihugu amafaranga menshi.
Mu byagaragaye ni uko umusaruro w’ibinyampeke bigizwe n’ibigori, umuceri, ingano n’ibindi wiyongereye ku gipimo cya 16%. Wavuye kuri toni zisaga ibihumbi 700 (701.059) zo mu 2017 ugera kuri toni zisaga ibihumbi 812 (812.427) mu 2022.
Nk’ibigori byavuye kuri toni ibihumbi 410 zasarurwaga mu 2017, ugera kuri toni zirenga ibihumbi 458 zasaruwe mu 2022.
Ibinyabijumba birimo ibirayi, imyumbati, ibijumba n’ibindi byo byiyongereye ku gipimo cya 21% kuko wavuye kuri toni zirenga miliyoni eshatu ugera kuri toni zirenga 400000.
Minisitiri w’Intebe avuga ko ukutiyongera k’umusaruro kwaturutse cyane ku mihindagurikire y’ikirere aho mu bice by’Amajyepfo n’Uburasirazuba havuye izuba ryinshi.
Iryo zuba ryinshi zatumye umusaruro w’ibishyimbo ugabanyuka ku gipimo cya 1%. Wari toni ibihumbi 455, ugera kuri toni ibihumbi 449. Ni mu gihe umusaruro w’amashaza na soya wo wariyongereye.
Ku bijyanye n’umusaruro ukomoka ku bworozi by’umwihariko umukamo w’amata wavuye kuri litiro zisaga ibihumbi 800 ugera kuri litiro zigera ku bihumbi 990.
Bitewe n’inganda zashyizweho zibungabunga amatungo n’ibiyakomokaho birimo inyama n’amagi nazo zakomeje kugenda ziyongera uko imyaka yagiye itambuka.
Umusaruro w’inyama wavuye kuri toni zirenga ibihumbi 162 mu 20217, zigera kuri toni zisanga ibihumbi 185 mu 2022. Ni mu gihe amagi yo yavuye kuri toni birindwi agera kuri toni zirenga ibihumbu umunani.
Ibi bijyanye kandi no kwiyongera k’umusaruro w’amafi kuko wavuye kuri toni zirenga ibihumbi 31 ugera kuri toni zirenga ibihumbi 43.
Amadovize yinjizwa n’ubuhinzi
Guverinoma y’u Rwanda kandi yashyize imbaraga mu gufasha abaturage kongera umusaruro w’ibihingwa ngengabukungu kugira ngo bibashe kwinjiriza igihugu amadovize.
Amadovize igihugu cyinjije aturutse ku bikomoka ku buhinzi n’ubworozi yavuye kuri miliyoni zisaga $500 mu 2018/19 agera kuri miliyoni $640. Ni ukuvuga ko habayeho ubwiyongere bwa 24,2%.
By’umwihariko ku bijyanye n’umusaruro w’ikawa, hashyizweho ingamba zo kongerera agaciro umusaruro w’ikawa hibandwa ku gutunganya no kugurisha ikawa binyujijwe mu nganda.
Ibi byatumye ikawa itunganyijwe iva kuri 54% mu 2017, kuri ubu ikaba igeze kuri 80,2% by’ikawa yoherezwa mu mahanga. Ni ukuvuga ko iyoherezwa mu mahanga imaze gutunganywa iruta cyane iyoherezwayo itaratunganywa.
Ikawa yoherejwe mu mahanga yari yinjije miliyoni $69 mu 2017, mu gihe iyoherejweyo mu 2022, yinjirije igihugu agera kuri miliyoni $75.
Minisitiri w’Intebe Dr Ngirente agaragaza ko hari icyizere cy’uko mu gihe kiri imbere umusaruro w’ikawa uzagenda wiyongera.
Ku bijyanye n’icyayi, umusaruro wacyo wiyongereye ku gipimo cya 18%, aho wavuye kuri toni zirenga ibihumbi 30 ugera kuri toni ibihumbi 36. Byatumye ayo icyayi cyoherejwe mu mahanga yageze kuri miliyoni $103 mu 2021/22, avuye kuri miliyoni $88 yariho mu 2017.
Amadovize igihugu cyinjije avuye mu bireti nayo yageze kuri miliyoni zirenga $6, naho indabo zo zinjije miliyoni $6 zivuye kuri miliyoni $4 zariho mu 2017.
Imibare ikomeza igaragaza ko amadovize ava mu mbuto yageze muri miliyoni $14 mu 2021/22 avuye kuri miliyoni $6 mu 2017. Ni ukuvuga ko habayeho ubwiyongere bwa 114%.