Minisitiri w’Imari n’Igenamigambi Dr Uzziel Ndagijimana yagaragaje ko hakiri icyuho mu kubona amafaranga ahagije ashorwa mu gukumira no guhangana n’imihidagurikire y’ibihe, mu gihe ingaruka zayo zikomeye.
Kuri uyu wa Gatatu nibwo habaye ibiganiro byibanze ku mikorere y’ikigega IMF iheruka gushyiraho, gifasha ibihugu mu bikorwa birimo guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe, Resilience and Sustainability Trust, RST.
Ni ibiganiro byabayeho mu gihe Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Ikigega Mpuzamahanga cy’Imari, Kristalina Georgieva, ari mu ruzinduko mu Rwanda.
RST ni ikigega cyashyiriweho gufasha ibihugu biri mu nzira y’ajyambere n’ibifite ingorane zihariye, ngo bibashe kubona ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ibibazo bituruka hanze y’igihugu, kugira ngo bibashe kugira iterambere rirambye.
Ni uburyo bwunganira ubusanzweho bufasha ibihugu kubona amafaranga bikeneye, mu buryo buhendutse kandi bw’igihe kirekire, bugafasha mu guhangana n’ibibazo birimo imihidagurikire y’ibihe no kwitegura guhangana n’ibyorezo.
Ni mu gihe Afurika igira uruhare ruto cyane mu gutuma ikirere cyangirika nyamara igahura n’ingaruka zabyo, ku buryo ari ngombwa cyane ko iki kibazo kiganirwaho, kuko uretse kuba ari ikibazo cy’ibidukikije, ni ikibazo cy’ubukungu n’imibereho y’abaturage.
Minisitiri Ndagijimana yashimye kuba IMF yarongereye imbaraga mu bijyanye no gutanga amafaranga mu guhangana n‘ingaruka z’ihungabana ry’ibidukikije.
Yakomeje ati “Ingaruka zabyo ku bukungu zirahambaye, ku Rwanda, bibarwa ko niba nta gikozwe, ingaruka mbi z’imihindagurikire y’ibihe mu myaka icumi iri imbere zishobora gutwara hagati ya 5 – 7 ku ijana by’umusaruro mbumbe w’igihugu. Ni kimwe no mu bihugu byinshi, ni ikibazo gikomeye gikeneye gukemurwa.”
“Igiteye impugenge kandi, amafaranga akenewe mu kubikemura ni menshi cyane. Muri gahunda y’igihugu cyacu twasanze hakenewe miliyari 11$, nibura ni 8% by’umusaruro mbumbe mu myaka icumi. Birasaba uruhare rw’abantu benshi n’amafaranga menshi.”
Yavuze ko u Rwanda rwishimiye gukorana na RST, no gushyira imbaraga mu gushora imari mu guhangana n’ibibazo bijyana n’imihidagurikiye y’ibihe.
Ni imishinga irimo nk’ikigega Ireme Invest cyashinzwe muri COP-27, imishinga nka Green Gicumbi n’andi mavugurura mu bijyanye no guhangana n‘imihidagurikire y’ibihe.
Muri ubwo buryo, Minisitiri Ndagijimana yavuze ko mu mafaranga u Rwanda rukeneye muri ibi bikorwa byo guhangana n’imihidagurikire y’ibihe, harimo icyuho cya miliyari 6,5 Frw.
Yagize ati “Nubwo hashyirwamo imbaraga nyinshi, hakenewe gukoreshwa uburyo butandukanye, duhereye no kuri RST, mu gushaka ubundi buryo bwo kubona amafaranga akenewe.”
Umunyamabaga Uhoraho w’Ikigega cya Leta ya Kenya, Chris Kiptoo, yavuze ko ibihugu byishi bifite ibibazo byo kubona amafaranga akenewe mu guhangana n’ingaruka z’imihidagurikire y’ibihe, bijyanye n’amadeni bifite.
Yagize ati “Iyo ndebye ku bihugu byinshi, usanga ibihugu byariyemeje gukoresha 10% by’ubushobozi bwabyo mu gushyira mu bikorwa izo gahunda, 90% akazava mu mahanga. Hari imbogamizi zishigiye ku kuba ibihugu byinshi bihanganye n’igipimo cy’umwenda bifite, ntabwo hari umwanya uhagije mu ngengo y’imari yo kuba byatanga amafaraga y’inyogera muri izi gahuda.”
“Muri Kenya, mu myaka icumi iri imbere kuva mu 2020 kugeza mu 2030, gushyira mu bikorwa byo guhangana n’imihidagurikire y’ibihe dukeneye miliyari 62$, mu guhangana n’ingaruka zabyo harimo miliyoni 18$, no kubikumira harimo miliyari 54$. Twiyemeje gutanga 13% byayo, kandi turimo kurwana no kuba twabona ngo ni angahe twabona, ntabwo byoroshye.”
Yavuze ko barimo kureba no bakongera imbaraga mu mafaranga ashorwa mu mihindagurikire y’ibihe.
Kiptoo yakomeje ati “Icya mbere dukwiye guhangana nacyo ni uburyo bigoye gushora amafaranga muri ibi bikorwa kubera ingorane zirimo. Amafaranga arahari yo, ariko biragoye kuyageraho.”
Indi ngorane yavuze ni uko usanga amafaranga menshi abantu bashaka kuyashyira mu guhangana n’ingaruka, kurusha mu kuzikumira.
Ibyo ngo bigomba kugendana no kubaka ubushobozi bwo gutegura imishinga iba igaragaza neza ko ishowemo amafaranga yazabyara inyungu.
Yashimye iyi gahunda IMF yashyizeho, avuga ko nibura itanga amahirwe yo guhangana n’ibibazo by’imihindagurikire y’ibihe.
Umunyamabanga wa Leta muri Minisiteri y’Imari n’Igenamigambi muri Uganda, Amos Lugoloobi, na we yashimangiye ko bijyanye n’uburyo ibihugu muri iki gihe bifite amadeni meshi, hakenewe koroshywa uburyo bibona aya mafaranga bikeneye.
Ati “Hakeneye koroshywa uburyo tugera kuri aya mafaranga, bikava mu kwiyemeza kuyatanga, agakoreshwa. Hakeneye kurebwa ngo ni gute ubu buryo bwafasha Afurika mu kwivana muri iki kibazo?”
Umuyobozi Mukuru wa IMF, Kristalina Georgieva, yavuze ko biteguye gufasha ibihugu mu kubona amafaranga bikeneye, cyane ko iki kigega cyiyongera ku bindi bisanzwe bifasha ibihugu kubona amafaranga akenewe.
Ati “Twiteguye gufatanya mu gukumira no guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe”.
Imihidagurikire y’ibihe ikomeje gushyirwamo imbaraga mu guhangaa na yo, kuko irushaho gukomeza imibereho y’abaturage mu bihe bahaganye n’izindi ngaruka zirimo iz’icyorezo cya COVID-19 n’iz’intambara ya Ukraine.
RST itanga inguzanyo zishobora kugera mu myaka 20 yo kutishyura, kandi bikazakorwa ku nyugu nto.
Iyi nama yabereye mu Rwanda yitabiriwe n’abayobozi barimo ba guverineri ba banki nkuru z’ibihugu byo muri EAC, n’abayobozi bakuru muri minisiteri z’imari n’igenamigambi.
