Igihugu cya Qatar cyatunguye benshi ubwo cyahurizaga ku meza amwe, Perezida Paul Kagame w’u Rwanda na Félix Tshisekedi wa Repubulika ya Demokarasi ya Congo. Ni mu gihe nyamara hari hashize igihe kitari gito bigeragezwa n’abatari bacye ariko rwarabuze gica. Byakozwe mu Ijoro ryakeye na Emir wa Qatar, Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, bibera muri Lusail Palace.
Perezida Tshisekedi, ashinja Kagame kohereza ingabo ibihumbi zikinjira mu gihugu cye gufasha M23, byageze aho avuga ko yabwiye Kagame ati:”Jyewe nawe birarangiye. Tuzongera kuvuganira gusa imbere y’Imana iducira urubanza.” Gusa, u Rwanda ruhakana amakuru y’uko hari Ingabo zarwo ziri muri RD – Congo.
Ni mu gihe Perezida Kagame na we aherutse kuvuga ko aramutse ahuye na mugenzi we Tshisekedi yamubwira ngo “iyaba utari Perezida wa kiriya gihugu cyiza”.
None, ni gute Qatar, mu buryo bucecetse, yahamagaye aba bagabo bombi i Doha bagafata indege zabo bakerekezayo, bakicara bakagirana “inama ya gicuti”, nk’uko Minisitiri wa Leta ya Qatar ushinzwe ubuhuza yabivuze?
Abantu benshi bagaragaje gutungurwa n’iyi nama yahuje Tshisekedi na Kagame i Doha, umwanditsi ku bijyanye n’akarere k’ibiyaga bigari w’Umunyamerika Jason Stearns, ku guhura kw’aba bayobozi i Doha yabwiye Ikinyamakuru cy’Abongereza BBC dukesha iyi nkuru, ati:”Biratangaje cyane”.
Ariko umubano Qatar ifitanye na RD – Congo n’u Rwanda, ndetse n’umwanya wayo mu bikorwa by’ubuhuza bitandukanye, ntiwakwirengagizwa.
Radiyo mpuzamahanga y’Abafaransa RFI, yatangaje ko ikiganiro cyahuje izi mpande zombi cyamaze iminota 45 gusa, kandi yaba ingirakamaro.
Yatangaje ko abakuru b’Ibihugu byombi bemeranyijwe ko ibyavugiwe na nama yahuje EAC na SADC bigomba kubahirizwa kandi bigashyirwa mu bikorwa nta yandi mananiza.
- Qatar mu gushaka amahoro
Qatar, ni igihugu gito gifite ubukungu bukomeye, kimaze kubaka ijambo mu bijyanye no guhuza ibiganiro by’amahoro mu myaka 20 ishize.
Abayobora iki gihugu bashyize imbaraga mu buhuza ku makimbirane atandukanye ku isi, ndetse bashyizeho Minisitiri wa Leta ushinzwe ibyo bikorwa.
Mu 2010 Qatar yahagarariye amasezerano yo guhagarika intambara hagati ya Leta ya Yemen n’inyeshyamba z’aba-Houthi, n’ubwo nyuma ayo masezeno baje kuyarengaho.
Mu 2010 Qatar yahuje Leta ya Sudani n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro yo mu ntara ya Darfour yayirwanyaga.
Mu 2020, Qatar yabaye umuhuza mu biganiro by’amahoro hagati y’Abatalibani na Amerika mu gushaka igisubizo ku ntambara yari imaze imyaka 18 muri Afghanistan.
Mu 2022 Qatar yahuje Leta ya Tchad n’imitwe y’inyeshyamba zayirwanyaga.
Mu 2022 Qatar yayoboye bucece ibiganiro byagejeje Amerika n’Uburusiya ku guhererekanya imfungwa buri ruhande rwari rukeneye.
Icyo gihe, benshi bibuka uburyo indege ebyiri, imwe ivuye muri Amerika indi ivuye mu Burusiya, zageze i Doha zikagurana imfungwa; umukinnyi wa Basketball Brittney Griner wari umaze amezi 10 afungiye mu Burusiya na Viktor Bout, umucuruzi w’intwaro wari umaze imyaka irenga 10 afungiye muri Amerika.
Mu 2023, Qatar yasabye u Rwanda kurekura Paul Rusesabagina Leta ya Amerika – inshuti ya Qatar – yari imaze igihe isaba u Rwanda kumurekura, kandi mu gutaha ajya aho aba muri Amerika Rusesabagina yaciye i Doha.
Kubera ibikorwa bitandukanye by’ubuhuza, abategetsi ba Qatar bagiye bumvikana bavuga ko iki gihugu ari “umuhuza utabogamye mu bintu bitandukanye”, kandi ko bikigira “umufatanyabikorwa mpuzamahanga wizewe mu gukemura impaka mu mahoro na dipolomasi”, nk’uko byavuzwe na Majed Al Ansari, umuvugizi wa Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga ya Qatar.
- Qatar n’u Rwanda
Mu myaka ya vuba ishize, Qatar n’u Rwanda byubatse ubucuti bushingiye ku ishoramari rya Qatar rya miliyoni amagana z’amadorari mu by’indege mu Rwanda.
Ibi bihugu bifitanye amasezerano y’ubufatanye atandukanye yasinywe guhera mu 2017 ubwo ibi bihugu byatangizaga umubano wa Dipolomasi, na Qatar igafungura ambasade i Kigali mu 2021.
Mu 2019, Leta zombi zasinye amasezerano yo gukomeza kubaka ikibuga cy’indege cya Bugesera cy’agaciro ka miliyari $1.3 aho Qatar yiyemeje gushyiramo 60%.
Umwaka wakurikiyeho, Qatar Airways – kompanyi y’indege y’iki gihugu – yaguze 49% bya RwandAir, kompanyi ya Leta y’u Rwanda.
Uretse iby’indege, Qatar n’u Rwanda bifitanye amasezerano yo gukorana mu bucuruzi, ubuhinzi, umuco, siporo no mu bijyanye n’ubufatanye mu bya gisirikare.
Vuba aha muri uyu mwaka, ibigo bya Qatar Financial Centre (QFC) na Rwanda Finance Limited (RFL) byasinye amasezerano yo gufashanya mu gufungura amahirwe mashya ya ‘Business’ ku masoko yombi y’ibi bihugu.
Mu kwezi gushize, Leta ya Qatar yemeje umushinga w’itegeko ryo gukuraho ‘Visa’ ku baturage bafite pasiporo zisanzwe hagati ya Qatar n’u Rwanda, nk’uko bivugwa na Qatar Tribune.
Uko bigaragara mu bigendanye n’inyungu z’imikoranire n’ubucuti, bisa n’ibigoye ko Emir wa Qatar yahamagara Perezida w’u Rwanda ngo ajye mu nama i Doha ntajyeyo mu gihe nta mpamvu ikomeye ibayeho imubuza.
- Qatar na DR Congo
Mu 2019 ni bwo ibihugu byombi byasinye amasezerano ashyiraho umubano wa dipolomasi hagati yabyo, muri uku kwezi Qatar yatangaje ko irimo kwihutisha ibikorwa byo gufungura ambasade yayo i Kinshasa.
Qatar yamaze kugaragaza ubushake mu gushora imari mu by’indege za gisivile muri RD – Congo kandi mu mwaka ushize Qatar Airways ku nshuro ya mbere yatangije ingendo zayo ziva ku kibuga cy’indege cya Hamad International Airport i Doha zigana i Kinshasa ku kibuga cy’indege cya Aéroport International de N’djili.
Ibihugu byombi byasinye amasezerano y’ubufatanye mu nzego zitandukanye zirimo iby’indege za gisivile, guteza imbere no kuvugurura ibikorwaremezo by’ubwikorezi bwo mu nyanja, n’amasezerano hagati ya Qatar Airways na DR Congo.
Muri Mutarama(1) uyu mwaka, Perezida Tshisekedi yahuye na Emir wa Qatar Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani i Doha, aho mu byo baganiriye harimo “guteza imbere ubufatanye mu ikoranabuhanga n’itumanaho (ICT)” muri RD – Congo, nk’uko ibiro ntaramakuru bya Qatar bibivuga.
Bigaragara ko RD – Congo na yo ifite inyungu nyinshi mu kubana na Qatar no kuba umukuru w’iki gihugu igihe yakenera uwa RD – Congo atazuyaza.
Mu gihe guhura kwa Tshisekedi na Kagame i Doha kwatunguye benshi, umuhate wa Qatar mu bikorwa by’ubuhuza n’ibiganiro by’amahoro bitandukanye, n’umubano wayo na RD – Congo n’u Rwanda ushingiye ku nyungu n’ubukungu, bishobora gusobanura impamvu ibyananiye abandi bahuza mu myaka ishize yo yabigezeho mu ijoro ryo ku wa kabiri.